American prison system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American prison system - Essay Example The American colonies had similar correctional system, largely, with the exception of colonial administrators using more corporal punishment in America, than followed by their counter parts in the motherland. This resulted in more death penalties, during that period. However, William Penn had a different viewpoint, as he adopted â€Å"The Great Law† in Pennsylvania in 1682, which restricted the use of torture as a punishment method, while it allowed felons paying for restitution of property to their victims. While Walnut Street prison became the first penitentiary, Pennsylvania passed legislation, in 1776, which made way for reforming and rehabilitation of offenders, instead of using torture or execution. However, reformist methods like silence and labor could not help much, as prison authorities were forced to accommodate more than one prisoner in a cell, necessitated by the overcrowding of prisons. The same reason kept many prisoners without work in jails.(Criminal Justice i n Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, pp313) Great Penitentiary Rivalry After gaining from the experience of Pennsylvania prison system, many American states tried to implement the concept of silence and labor, while interpreting the same in their own peculiar ways. In the process, the Pennsylvania Penitentiary and New York prison systems engaged in some sort of debate, over the correct and result-oriented method of prison administration. This gave birth to two known separate systems. The Pennsylvania Penitentiary system was entirely based on the â€Å"separate confinement† concept, as the prison had cells for inmates, built in such a manner that no prisoner could come under the influence of other inmate, during the confinement. While the New York system followed the Pennsylvania model of separate confinement, the authorities witnessed rise in sickness, insanity and suicide among inmates. Therefore the system was abandoned in 1822, as Elam Lynds adopted the â€Å"congregate system†, during his tenure as warden at Auburn. (Criminal Justice in Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, pp314-5) Rivalry has influenced American thinking about prison system As America saw progressive movement in criminal justice, it started from the adoption of the â€Å"new penology†. This concept was put into practice at New York’s Elmira State Prison, in 1876, which introduced three-grade system for punishment, as well as, rewarding inmates displaying food behavior with early release. The theories adopted by Elmira model were incorporated during first few decades of twentieth century. Working on more reforms, progressive elements in the correctional system operations adopted â€Å"medical model† for prisoners, which made way for offering medical therapies to inmates for correcting their â€Å"ills†. However, most of the prison administrators did not agree to this level of rehabilitation in their systems. Further, many tough measures, for deal ing with incurable criminals, were incorporated; as criminologists and politicians tried to counter the menace of sharp rise in crime, during 1970s. Accordingly, four types of prisons were formulated; depending on the required security level, starting from minimum security to super-maximum security. (Criminal Justice in Action: The Core, Prisons and Jails, reassertion of punishment, pp313 & 331) Comparison between publicly funded and privately funded prisons Privatization, as applicable to goods and service sector may not be completely compatible to the prison system, any where in the world. However, for discussions on privatization, the prison system can come under the purview of

Systems Approach To Information Systems Change Essay

Systems Approach To Information Systems Change - Essay Example These transformations were not predictable at the setup, nor did they plainly emerge spontaneously in functioning by means of the novel expertise.This change procedure for Zeta system around the groupware information system technology sustained in the course of the subsequent year at Zeta while a number of predictable managerial transformations were chased through together developing as well as opportunity-based transforms connected by means of recounting proceedings as well as the knowledge and understanding expanded through employing the novel technology in carrying out.Now I will present the short self-reflection on what knowledge we need to develop, in order to improve as a management practitioner when undertaking information systems change. For this task, we require establishing a comprehensive research for the overall assessment of the information systems change and its effective management. In this scenario, we assess the main needs for old system and potential facilities that we require for the effective working and operations. In this way, we will effectively get the main needs regarding the system and its working structure. This research has presented a detailed analysis of the information system change management and handling. I have outlined the main areas that we need to transform for the effective services and business performance. This research has outlined the systems approach to information systems change. This research will be helpful regarding the system change assessment and implementation.

Mobile Phone Distribution Comparison: US and Myanmar

Mobile Phone Distribution Comparison: US and Myanmar INTRODUCTION It is not only the lives of individuals had been changed since the introduction of mobile phones, but also the future of the telecommunication sector. From a person informs his or her friends about changing in plans or dealing an international business with client or even a victim ask for help when something bad happens. Mobile phones are really important in today’s society. The boundaries of space, time and size had been narrowed down through the growth of the wireless communication sector. In the Americas region, there is a continuous growth and more than 50 percent of penetration rates in the South and Central America in mobile sector. While there are about 30 percent penetration rates in Peru, Honduras, Costa Rica, Bolivia and Nicaragua. On the other side, Argentina and Chile had 80 and 76 percent of penetration rates respectively. While in Asia-Pacific region, Myanmar and Kiribati had extremely low mobile phones penetration rate, which is 1 percent. In Taiwan, Singapore, Macao, Hong Kong and Australia, the penetration rate are 90 percent. There is average of 6.3 million new mobile subscribers in India every month in 2006. Moreover, 43 percent of Asia- Pacific mobile market is belongs to China with a penetration rates of 35 percent. The purpose of this paper is to find out why there is a big gap between the mobile network system of the United States and Myanmar. Myanmar was chosen because it has a very low mobile penetration level and Myanmar has only 9% out of 60 million people have mobile phones. This research question will emphasis on the distribution and segmentation of the medium in both United States and Myanmar, ownership, national regulatory structures, socio-economic origins and functions of mobile phones in today’s society. MAIN BODY DISTRIBUTION AND SEGMENTATION OF MOBILE NETWORK IN MYANMAR AND UNITES STATES Distribution of mobile network in Myanmar The telecommunications sector in Myanmar is under developed. Figure 2 shows that the mobile phone coverage serves just 10% of the population in Myanmar. There are more than 55,000 villages in Myanmar are still without mobile service. The government targets to reach 75 to 80 percent of mobile penetration in 2016. Figure 3 illustrates that only 0.8 per 100 habitants have a mobile phone subscription in Myanmar. Distribution of mobile network in United States While in United States, the biggest mobile network provider – Verizon had covers over 95% of the population by 4G LTE. Figure 4 illustrates the coverage of 4G LTE of Verizon in United States. There is a very big difference between the mobile network coverage of United States and Myanmar. Myanmar has a very low mobile phones penetration rates due to the poor mobile network coverage. Segmentation of mobile phones in Myanmar Nandar said that â€Å"two foreign firm Ooredoo and Telenor has tap in Myanmar has invested to improve their communication. While other country is enjoying the technology of cameras, trendiness and personalizing their own phone, Myanmar is still concern of their phone keyboard for Myanmar language.† Maierbrugger stated that Myanmar is still the stage to expand their mobile services. Based on the latest statistic, stated that only 5.4 million of Myanmar’s 60 million populations have cell phones. SIM cards used to be $160, but are now slowly being reduced with the help of foreign mobile companies. Segmentation of mobile phones in United States Based on comScore Networks research, their national panel survey concluded that there are three age-related segments. First is â€Å"The Cellular Generation†. They are aged from 18 to 24; this generation was born with mobile phone awareness, growing up with mobile phones. Second age-related segment is called â€Å"Transitioners†. They are mainly aged from 25 to 34 because this group falls into two particular segments which are those who grew up with mobile phone awareness and those who did not. Finally the third group is known as â€Å"Adult Adopters†. This group is aged 35 or older and they are not aware of phone until adulthood. They showed the least interest in emerging technologies. Figure above showing the result for cell phone attitudes by consumer segment for the year 2006. OWNERSHIP Ownership of mobile networks in Myanmar There are only two mobile network providers in Myanmar, they are the Myanma Posts and Telecommunications and Yatanarpon Teleport. â€Å"The Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (MPT), is the main provider of telecommunication services in Myanmar. MPT is operating under the Ministry of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs.† â€Å"In order to fulfil the demand for data communication services for the business and IT industry, Yatanarpon Teleport (YTP) was established in September 2002.† Song stated in International Business Times that â€Å"MPT and YTP only cover less than 10 percent of the network coverage in Myanmar. In June 2013, Qatars Ooredoo and Norway’s Telenor won contracts to develop the mobile network in the country†. Chun and Mahtani stated in the Wall Street Journal that â€Å"Ooredoo and Telenor will become the first foreign telecommunications operators in Myanmar. After decades of military rule in Myanmar, it welcomes the foreign investment to its once tightly controlled telecom sector by awarding the telecom licenses.† Ownership of mobile networks in United States While in United States, there are 14 mobile network providers. The four main providers are Verizon Wireless, ATT Mobility, Sprint Corporation and T-Mobile US. â€Å"Verizon Communications Inc., based in New York City was formed on June 30, 2000, with the merger of Bell Atlantic Corp. and GTE Corp.† â€Å"ATT Mobility is a wholly owned subsidiary of ATT Inc. ATT provides wireless services to 109.4 million subscribers in the United States.† â€Å"Sprint Corporation is a major global Internet carrier and also provides wireless service. SoftBank Corporation owned majority shares of the company.† â€Å"T-Mobile US, Inc. is an American wireless networks operator, headquartered in Bellevue, Washington. Deutsche Telekom AG maintains a 67% ownership of T-Mobile US, Inc. common stock.† NATIONAL REGULATORY STRUCTURES Spectrum scarcity is the main regulatory issue arising from the mobile network markets. Regulators have to allocate the spectrum rights with care to ensure the growth and efficiency in the market. The mobile network markets of United States and Myanmar are different as they have different number of operators and regulatory structures. National regulatory structures in Myanmar â€Å"The Telecoms Law in Myanmar stated that â€Å"access and interconnection provided by a licensee†¦ shall be on an equitable and non-discriminatory basis and shall not be of lower technical standard and quality than the technical standard or quality provided in the licensee’s own network facilities or network services†. The regulator have the power to negotiate interconnection with the licensees or even share the facilities that cannot be proficiently replicated. The interconnection agreement and the procedure for referring and resolving disagreement are being concluded when the draft regulations go on to specify period. However, it is unseen that how Myanmar practice these rules, but in writing Myanmar will have an international regime with other countries which are in best practice. The next concern is the public availability of licensing criteria. Myanmar had awarded two national mobile licences to Ooredoo and Telenor. The process was open and transparent with more than 90 bidders participating. In both the draft licensing guidelines and the law, the outline for the additional licences is clearly stated. The draft regulations had provided the licensing criteria, timeline and licence terms and it meet the requirements.† National regulatory structures in United States In United States, the mobile service started as a government-licensed duopoly with licenses extending over urban areas and later to rural service areas. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) achieved this by transferring the 115 MHz of spectrum into mobile uses. There are many operators owned the licenses but soon consolidation happened within the industry by mergers and acquisitions. FCC gives the permission to Fleet Call, a new company to penetrate the market by selling the special mobile radio licenses and convert them to cellular use in 1992, because Fleet Call offered to make better use of the spectrum. Then, an advance mobile communication- Personal Communications System (PCS) was invented. The licences for PCS con only be obtained through a government auction. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ORIGINS AND FUNCTIONS OF MEDIUM IN TODAY’S SOCIETY Socio Economic Origins in Myanmar Ever since Ooredoo and Telenor invested in Myanmar, there are numerous benefits which the country obtained. The overall economic effect of mobile sector in Myanmar is estimated to increase by 1.5-7.4 percent of gross domestic products (GDP) in the first 3 years after the licenses are issued. There will be an impact on the employment rate in Myanmar for mobile sector, estimated over 66,000 will be employed as full-time employees. Figure above explains both direct and indirect employment rate of mobile value chain. Productivity of workers increased for the past 3 years because of the effect of mobile communication. This is mainly caused by the information flow between seller and buyer, decrease in time for travelling, and the possibility to access in new areas in Myanmar. For example, agriculture sector, fisherman or farmers could quickly be notified about the price change in the market so that they could alter their plans. It is forecasted that Mobile Network Operator (MNO) gives various benefits to the supply side of economy in Myanmar via the direct impact of their outflow. As for the social impacts of mobile phone in Myanmar, the development of Myanmar’s community interpersonal and family communication will be improved. Moreover, isolated areas could be reached with the support of mobile phones. Hence isolation will be reduced. Socio Economic Origins in United States The mobile phone sector for United States brought a deep impact in the economy. Figure 6 shows that United States mobile phone industry has created 3.8 million directly and indirectly. An increment of 200,000 employments and this could conclude that an increase of 2.6% of all US employment. Furthermore, the phone industry with its direct and indirect workers has paid over $88.6 billion in taxes, as well as the federal, state and local fees. Moreover, mobile phone sector, it contributed $1.739 billion to US GDP from year 2011 to 2012. Moreover, an increase in government revenues as much $468 million and the employment rate also increased by 7,000. Figure 6 shows that the employment created by wireless industry in the United States in year 2011. Function of medium in today’s society The mobile phones clearly shows the priorities and values of our culture. Firstly, the mobile phones reveal the culture of constant communication. It is important for today’s society to stay connected with their family, friends and colleagues. People are able to call anyone with a mobile phone no matter where it is except for those areas that do not have mobile network coverage. Another concern of people purchase mobile phones is for safety reason. Mobile phones keep people feeling safe through being connected. Imagine someone stuck on a dark road with an empty gas tank or a flat tire and the person does not have a mobile phone to ask for help. The person might have wait for someone that pass by or start walking in the dark. Besides, this is a dangerous world, anything could happen. A mobile phone is needed for us to get help when we need it most. Another cultural priority of today’s society is reflected by the mobile phones, which is technology. We are living in a society that continuously searching for the â€Å"new and improved† technology. Mobile phones was very big and clunky objects that got very poor reception and not reliable. And now it transformed to a mobile phones that able to fit in our pocket and have many technological abilities that are important to todays society. After all, mobile phones are really extremely important in today’s society. CONCLUSION The purpose of this paper is to search for the reason why there is a big gap between the mobile network system of the United States and Myanmar. After the analysis, the main reason that the weak mobile network system in Myanmar is because of the military has the control of the whole telecommunications system. Myanmar did not open to other countries to invest in the telecommunications sector until 2013. However, the main concern of people getting a mobile phone is to look for safety, status, or service. Both United States and Myanmar need to invest in its infrastructure with proper regulatory measures to ensure they the people in the country could enjoy the best facilities.

Business Forecast Essay -- Business Forecasting Research Essays

Business Forecast This Paper examines and compares various forecasting techniques used for qualitative and quantitative business forecasting and their use in Firstlogic Inc., to forecast the demand under conditions of uncertainty. Time series and Delphi forecasting methods are considered for this research to evaluate their ability to make effective decisions regarding the future. Business Forecasting Business forecasting is the process of studying historical performance for the purpose of using the knowledge gained to project future business conditions so that decisions can be made today that will aid in the achievement of established goals. Forecasting plays a crucial role in today's uncertain global marketplace. Forecasting is traditionally either qualitative or quantitative, with each offering specific advantages and disadvantages. Qualitative and Quantitative Forecasting Techniques Forecasting can be classified into qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative techniques are subjective or judgmental and are based on estimates and opinions. The Delphi technique, a common form of qualitative forecasting, allows experts to create an effective forecast under conditions of extreme uncertainty. Time?s series forecasting, a quantitative technique, uses a statistical analysis of past sales in order to effectively predict future outcomes, but can be limited under conditions of uncertainty (Chase, 2003, p.364). Business forecasting can be used in a wide variety of contexts, and by a wide variety of businesses. For example, effective forecasting can determine sales based on attendance at a trade show, or the customer demand for products and services (Business and Economic Forecasting, p.1). One of the most important assumptions of business forecasters is that the past acts as an important guide for the future. It is important to note that forecasters must consider a number of new information, including rapidly changing economic conditions and globalization, when creating business forecasts based on past sales. Globalization and economic slowdown has made businesses subject to a great deal of uncertainty. In this time of rapid change, economies worldwide change rapidly, new markets open up and old ones change, and demand for products is often uncertain. As such, businesses must be flexible and adaptable in the types of methods that they use... ...forecasts. Given the high degree of uncertainty in today's marketplace, qualitative forecasting techniques like the Delphi technique may help Firstlogic to better-forecast future sales. Conclusion In conclusion, business forecasting methods must be used in order to fit current conditions of uncertainty. Delphi technique and time series forecasting both are valuable forecasting tools when used in the right circumstance. The Delphi technique is useful for short-term forecasts; therefore, it is often a more valuable tool for business forecasting during conditions of uncertainty. References University of Phoenix(Ed.).(2003) Operations management for competitive advantage[University of Phoenix custom edition e-text]. New York: McGraw-Hill. Retrieved February 01, 2005, from university of phoenix, Resource, MGT554- operations management website: https://mycampus.phoenix.edu/secure/resource/resource.asp Business and Economic Forecasting. Retrieved February 24, 2005, from http://www.sbeusers.csuhayward.edu/~acassuto/econ3551/summary/chapter6.htm Namvar, Bob . (2000). Economic Forecasting. Retrieved February 24, 2005, from http://gbr.pepperdine.edu/001/forecast.html

Social learning approach

Personality can be defined as a hypothetical concept that constitute those relatively stable and enduring aspects of an individual which distinguishes them from other people making them unique, but which at the same time permit a comparison between individual. There are various approaches that conceptualize personality. These are; the psychoanalytic perspective, the trait theory, behaviorist (learning) theory, humanistic theories cognitive and biological approaches. This paper however will explore the behavioral and social learning theory approaches to personality.The focus will be in comparing and contrasting them and relating them to a personal personality disorder. The social learning theory is an approach that argues that we learn through imitation, modeling, and observation of other people behavior. If we observe a good behavior from other people, we are likely to behave well but if we observe bad behavior from them we behave badly. Albert Bandura is considered a major proponent of this theory. This approach also considers the environmental factors claiming they reinforce modeling.An individual can be reinforced directly by a model for example; a student can dress like other to fit in their group. A third person can also reinforce modeling. for example; a teacher may praise a certain student making the others to model him. It is also possible to imitate the behavior itself. For example; a student may play football during his leisure time influencing another to model the behavior. Social learning theory argues that reinforcement and punishment are necessary in learning. They influence the level at which a person demonstrates a learnt behavior.They argue that moral judgment concerning the right or wrong is modeled. Bandura outlined from major condition for modeling to occur; paying attention, remembering, ability to replicate, and motivation. Modeling leads to acquisition of new behavior, affects the frequency of embarking a learner behavior, encourages a fo rbidden behavior and increases the frequency of a similar behavior. They emphasize of self regulation in personality development. For example; setting own goals, self observation, self judgment and self reaction (Ormrod, J. E1999)The behavioral approach in personality assessment argues that personality can be acquired through observation. It put the environment accountable to personality difference among people. It assumes that we can understand other people by observing how they behave. It also argues that a response to certain stimuli molds behavior. Learning can occur though conditioning in both human and non human animals. It also assumes that all human are equal at birth. We are born a tabula rasa – empty slit – as we grow, the environmental factors molds our personality.Proponents of this approach include Skinners’ (1957) operant condition theory, Pavlov (1936) conditioning theory and Watson (1958). (Axialis Team 2008) Both the social learning and behavior al theories emphasize on observation learning to personality acquisition. They consider environmental factors that influence our personality. They also consider reinforcement and punishment an important factor in learning. However, social learning theory argues that learning is possible without necessarily changing the behavior.This contrast the behavioral approach that argues that learning must be represented by a permanent change in behavior. Social learning assumes people can learn through observation alone and which might not affect their performance thus may not or may impact behavior change. This contrasts the behavioral approach which assumes learning must involve a permanent change in behavior as well conditioning necessity in learning. Modeling, imitation and observation cannot be assumed in behavioral acquisition. Environmental factors too are very important in personality assessment.These two approaches consider this. They both make a step to explain broader personality t o include the animals. On the other hand, we cannot assume the thought processes, unobservable activities, biological and genetic factors in personality assessment and which they assume. Conditioning approach can be useful in explaining how we develop a habit how we model it, who influence us towards the habit and how we can stop the habit. In my early stages of life, I used to like toys very much. My parent would make sure that they bought me. Initially, my elder brother used to like them too.My parents would buy him every time he performed better in school. He would spend time with them on his free time. He motivated my love for toys. When I started going to school, my parents adopted a similar strategy in buying me toys. It was not after I destroyed one like before, but after I performed better in school. I remember I had a hard time to adapt to this. Previously I mishandled them; after all they would buy me if damaged. This time round, it was based on performance. I wasn’ t a good performer but I had to work hard to get some new toys. If I didn’t perform well, the punishment was ‘no toy’.As time went by, my performance deteriorated. My parents withdrew their reinforcement. At the long run, there were no more new toys. The old ones were not pleasant at all. I hated them. My performance currently is better but I hate toys. In the behavioral view, I observed the habit from my brother and learnt it, the environmental factors, my parent, influenced me to possess the habit of destroying them in order to be bought some new. I was reinforced to work harder to get new toys. The negative stimulus, the punishment, was not to be bought new toys.The aversive stimulus was my parent’s withdrawal of new toys when my performance decreased. I later stopped liking toys a result of the negative reinforcement. In the social learning view, I learnt the habit from observing my brother; he used his free time well. My brother was my role model. I p aid attention to his habit, I rehearsed and was able to replicate the way he handled and treated the toys. However, my parent motivated me by realizing my habit and therefore bought me some more toys. I did not permanently adapt the behavior implying that learning does not necessarily change behavior.Social learning approach best describes my personality I was able to observe, pay attention, rehearse and replicate my brother’s behavior thus influencing my personality. I was able to regulate myself in settling my goals, observe and make my own judgment and choose my reaction from my parent’s move towards my habit. These theories explore the complexity of human nature. Whichever dimension they take as long as it explain personality assessment, is worth credential. However, if these approaches are merged they would have a better explanation to personality assessment.

Einstein for Asperger’s Essay

Einstein a Case Study for Asperger’s Christina Parker PSY 410 February 6, 2012 Dr. Melda Jones Einstein a Case Study for Asperger’s Mental illness has existed as long as humans have, but only in the last hundred years or so have psychologist started to truly understand mental illness. There is still much, that is unknown about mental illness and human behavior. One mental disorder that was added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) in 1994 is Asperger’s Disorder. This disorder is usually diagnosed in early childhood, but in Albert Einstein’s time Asperger’s Disorder was unknown. Einstein had many of the diagnostic criteria for Asperger’s Disorder but was not diagnosed. Einstein was quiet and withdrawn, but had an amazing mind for mathematics. In comparison, Temple Grandin was diagnosed with Asperger’s Disorder and has many of the same mannerisms as Einstein. Overview of Asperger’s Disorder’s History Dr. Hans Asperger studied children that acted differently from others in the 1940s. Dr. Asperger called these children â€Å"Little Professors† because they were so interesting. In 1980s Dr. Lorna Wing called children with Asperger’s (AS) high-functioning autism individuals. In 1994, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) added AS. Asperger’s Syndrome (ASD) is a distinct group of neurological conditions characterized by greater or lesser degrees of impairment in language and communication skills with repetitive or restrictive patterns of thoughts and behaviors. There is no known cause or treatment for AS. The parents of children with AS often by or before the child’s third birthday sense that something is amiss in his or her child’s behavior or developmental skills. Two out of 10,000 children statistically diagnosed with AS or ASD. Boys are three to four times more likely than girls to have AS or ASD. The children exhibit delayed psychomotor skills (crawling and walking), and have problems with communicating and socializing with other children. AS children have an obsession with one topic or interests excluding other topics and interests. AS children have a formal speech that lacks rhythm and modulation. AS children appear clumsy when they walk and may have delayed motor skills (catching a ball, pedaling a bike, and other skills). The cause of AS or ASD is unknown but is thought to be genetic because AS tends to run in families. The part of the brain that controls social behavior functions differently or develops differently from other children without AS. The part of the brain that controls body movements and balance are also different in AS children than other children. ASD is a high-functioning autism disorder. Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome Explained There is no known cause of autism. Research today is using MRI imaging to determine how the Autism brain is structured. Dr. Grandin explains her condition like this: The brain is an office; the frontal lobe is the office manager. The other compartments of the brain are like the many departments in an office. The office departments do not communicate well between the other offices such as sales, product development, management, and so on. The autistic brain has to be understood and trained in a way that works best for the individual. No one treatment works for every autistic individual. Finding what motivates the individual’s fear and helping the individual to overcome or change the environment to a less chaotic one will help the individual to learn and progress. Autistic individuals do not understand facial expressions or tone changes in voices. Behavioral issues such as defecation and twitching are common with Asperger’s and Autism. Individuals with Asperger’s Syndrome are high-end functioning Autistic individuals. To understand Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome, Dr. Grandin suggests that people move away from language. The nonverbal child does not understand language. The nonverbal child is sensory-based and has a complex disorder that is based on sights, sounds, smells, and touch. Cultivating the way the individual’s method of thinking will prevent fear that causes anxieties will help the individual progress. Autistic individuals have high IQs and the ability to concentrate on one subject for a long time. Most autistic individuals are gifted in math, sciences, computers, tables, astrology, and other nonsocial areas that rely on thinking skills. A Look at Einstein and Grandin Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born in 1879 to Hermann and Pauline Einstein (a middle-class German-Jewish family). Einstein scarcely spoke and was quiet more than backward as a young child. His sister remembers his concentration and ability to build tall houses and multiple storied levels of playing card houses. At age 4 or 5 Einstein marveled at how a magnetic compass needle invariably swung northward. This caused Einstein to conclude that something invisible was behind everything sparking his interest in Physics at a young age. As late as age nine Einstein was hesitant to speak, and did so pausing to select his words carefully. His parents feared that he was below average in intelligence. At the age of 12 Einstein’s love for mathematics and physics was sparked by a booklet on Euclidian Plane Geometry. This booklet proved to Einstein that there was a lucidity and certainty in theory and made an impression on him permanently. School depended on memorization and arbitrary authority of the teachers and faculty and was not conducive to Einstein’s way of learning. At 15 Einstein quit school and moved to Italy with his family where his family was trying to start a business. He studied Mathematics, Physics, and Philosophy at home. His uncle, an engineer, and a medical student who ate with his family once a week are credited with stimulating Einstein’s young mind. Was Einstein’s brain different? Einstein died in 1955 and gave his brain to science. A pathologist named Thomas Harvey quickly preserved his brain, and made samples, and sections. Pathologists Harvey concluded that other than Einstein’s brain seeming smaller than most brains, his was not unusual. Sandra F. Witelson and colleagues studied Einstein’s brain again in 1999, and discovered that it lacked a wrinkle found in other brains (the parietal operculum), and other regions on each side of Einstein’s brain appeared to be larger and unusual features in the inferior parietal lobes thought to be the area of visual imagery and mathematical thinking. This concludes that Einstein’s brain was more equipped by this region than most individuals. Does this prove or disprove that Einstein had Asperger’s? There is no conclusive historical evidence to determine if Einstein had Asperger’s. What we do know is Einstein was capable of deep concentration, and had perseverance. He graduated without distinction, his learning style and the school learning system of his time did not get along. He sought physics because he could seek out paths that led to the depths. In other words Einstein preferred to be free to think on the invisible things behind things. It was Einstein’s ability to think deeply on physics that put him first in the race to the theory in relativity. Einstein made friends with colleagues like Marcel Grossman, Michele Besso, Paul Ehrenfest, and Freidrich Adler. His wife Mileva Maric was the only female in his physics class. Even though Einstein renounced his German citizenship when he left Germany for Italy, he could not resist the invitation to Berlin’s Prussian Academy of Sciences, he had no teaching duties and access to the greatest scientific minds of his day. Fame in physics starved and destroyed his marriage to his wife Mileva, and then divorced in 1919. The same year of his divorce Einstein married his cousin whom he had an affair with since 1914 and settled with Elsa Lowenthal and her two daughters until his death in 1955. Einstein as a young boy, a young teen, a young man, and an older man (Image  © The Albert Einstein Archives, The Jewish National ; University Library, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. ) Temple Grandin Dr. Temple Grandin was thought to be different by her Mother from a very early age. At two Dr. Grandin could not speak and exhibited behavioral issues. Her Father and consulted doctors wanted to put Dr. Grandin in an institution. Dr. Grandin’s Mother would not have her daughter put in an institution. Instead, Dr. Grandin’s Mother sent her daughter to private schools and to private speech therapy. Dr. Grandin was teased as a child in school. Dr. Temple states that early intervention is vital to best outcomes in autistic children. According to Dr. Grandin there are three types of Autism thinkers: Visual, Pattern, and Word. Visual thinkers are terrible at algebra and good at geometry. Pattern thinkers have difficulty with reading. Word thinkers are good with facts in favorite subjects. Dr. Grandin thinks in pictures, sees a series of slides like a search engine. During her lecture Dr. Grandin was tired from air travel and this caused her to lose train of thought if movement or noises were made by audience. Dr. Grandin explained that she cannot screen out the sensory issues that trigger her distractions. Dr. Grandin admits to having panic attacks, and anxiety. Anti-depressants help autistic individuals overcome anxiety, panic attacks, and OCD issues. Dr. Grandin correlates animal behaviors and fears with autism and how people handle animals also can be used to handle autistic individuals. When Dr. Grandin was born her parents were told she had infantile schizophrenia. Since her birth two Doctors one in the United States named Dr. Leo Canner and one in Canada named Dr. Asperger began studying children who displayed certain characteristics: no facial expression, lack of social skills, the ability to concentrate on one subject, and certain other emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components. Dr. Grandin was born in Boston, Mass. on August 29, 1947. Dr. Grandin has earned degrees from Franklin Pierce College, Arizona State University, University of Illinois, and has earned Honorary Doctorates from McGill University, University of Illinois, and Duke University. The United States and Canada Meat Plants use Dr. Grandin’s equipment designs developed for Animal Welfare Guidelines. Dr. Grandin’s focus of study is in alleviating anxiety of intense fear and hypersensitivities to sound in Human and Animal populations. Dr. Grandin wrote autobiographies of her life with autism, which amazed the autistic community (Thinking in Pictures and Other Reports from My Life with Autism- 1995, and Emergence: Labeled Autistic – 1986). Dr. Grandin, has acquired many awards, lectures all over the United States, was inducted into the Cowgirl Hall of Fame and is a member of the board of directors Autism Society of America. Dr. Grandin has developed her own website: www. grandin. com to communicate with people on the subject of autism, and animal handling. Humane groups recognize Dr. Grandin’s work to alleviate animal fears, and her biography featured on HBO has won several Emmy Awards, a Golden Globe, and Peabody Award in 2011. Dr. Grandin has written several books, chapter books, journals, and other publications proving that people with Asperger’s and Autism can succeed. Conclusion There is so much that humanity does not know about human behavior and mental illness, but psychology continues to make advancements in the area. Asperger’s Disorder is just one example of how psychology has advanced. In Einstein’s time there was not a name for his â€Å"weird quirks†, but by the time Temple Grandin was born these similar â€Å"quirks† were known as Asperger’s Disorder. Einstein was brilliant in mathematics and similar fields of study, but could not form true intimate bonds with other people. Dr. Grandin was also brilliant but in another area of study and she also cannot form true intimate bonds with people.

Post-Colonial Concerns and English Literature Essay Example

Post Post-Colonial Concerns and English Literature Essay Post-Colonial Concerns and English Literature Essay Gauri Viswanathan’s essay â€Å"The Beginnings of English Literary Study in British India† provides a compelling account of the ideological motivations behind the introduction of English literary education in British India. In her essay, she argues that â€Å"literary study gained enormous cultural strength through its development in a period of territorial expansion and conquest, and the subsequent institutionalization of the discipline in England itself took on a shape and an ideological content developed in the colonial context† (Viswanathan, 431 ). Meaning, colonial policies played a key role in the perpetuation of and institutionalization of English language in India which was then under the rule of Britain, which showed no reservations about exercising its authority in making its colony in India more amenable to its rule. Gauri analyzes the shifts in the curriculum of English Literature devised by British colonial officers and connects the developments within them to Gramsci’s concept of hegemony and debates over the objectives of English education both among the British administrators, as well as between missionaries and colonial officials. According to her,British administrators introduced English literary study in India in the early nineteenth century to improve the moral knowledge of Indians. But, since Britain followed a policy of religious impartiality and prohibited the coerced conversion of Hindus and Muslims to Christianity under the apprehension that such an action would incite mass uprisings. Therefore, Christian teachings could not be used in India to subjugate the natives in spite of its success rate in acquiring submission of the lower classes back home in Britain. In order to resolve this dilemma, Viswanathan observes, colonial officials revived Charles Grant’s tract â€Å"Observations on the State of Society among the Asiatic subjects of Great Britain† (1792) which, although a severely critical condemnat

Two Colonies Jamestown vs New England essays

Two Colonies Jamestown vs New England essays In the 1600s many people of English origin embarked on the journey across the Atlantic Ocean over to the New World. Each settler had various reasons for departure which ultimately determined where they planned to settle. This also eventually determined which colonies would be successful. Chesapeake settlers came over en route of finding wealth whereas New England settlers came to America for a better way of life. The difference makers between the two colonies ended up being values, attitudes, and work ethic. In the end, the Chesapeake region developed into a different society than New England because of the settlers sole significance on gaining wealth. Furthermore, the Chesapeake region developed into a different society than New England because the settlers had the wrong attitudes and values going into settlement. The first New England settlers came over to America in search of a better life. They had left the Church of England, because they felt it retained to many traces of its Catholic origin. From England they traveled to the Netherlands where they found a good home, but felt there children were becoming too Dutch. (Divine 43) They decided to set out for America in search of a sufficient home. This is an exceedingly dissimilar story of that of the Chesapeake settlers. Most Chesapeake settlers went over to the New World for two reasons. One was to gain tremendous wealth by finding gold and silver and the other too frustrate Spain by going to America and taking resources they were selling in Europe. Chesapeake settlers went to America to better themselves and damage others while New England settlers went to America to build a better community. While the Chesapeake values were all about themselves, New Englanders were looking to better everybody situation as a whole. The two sides values going into settlement shows a lot about why each ended up as it did. Along the same lines as values, each group of settlers possessed dif...

Your LinkedIn Questions Answered Coaching for Leaders Podcast

Your LinkedIn Questions Answered Coaching for Leaders Podcast Last year, I appeared in a podcast on Coaching for Leaders, How to Vastly Improve Your LinkedIn Profile. It was a smash hit, viewed by over 25,000 people. I came back for an encore this month and the new podcast, Leverage the Full Power of LinkedIn, was released today. This time I addressed specific LinkedIn questions from Dave Stachowiak’s audience of business people and job seekers, plus added my own insights as we went along. Here are the questions we started with. These B2B, B2C, and job hunting topics will interest you too! LinkedIn Business Questions What are the rules and recommendations around publishing an article and then promoting it via posts? Where does the article show up when you publish it other than your profile? What are some tips specifically for B2B communication and selling on LinkedIn? LinkedIn Job Seeking Questions If you signal to recruiters that youre looking (via Open Candidates), will your boss find out?  Is there a way to limit what information is shared within ones network versus outside the network?  Or is LinkedIn too much of a spider web to control/limit what gets shared with certain connections? Do recruiters who value the involvement of a potential candidate on LinkedIn in terms of post sharing, contribution to discussions in public posts, contribution to public group discussions? Are community engagement and the ability to contribute to discussions constructively valued, and do recruiters capture this information? What else do recruiters value? LinkedIn Sharing Protocol Questions Recently, LinkedIn has been receiving more and more posts â€Å"Facebook style,† especially after they enabled the upload of videos. Sometimes people comment â€Å"this is not the place for it,† â€Å"this is not Facebook,† etc. Is it best to answer these posts politely or maybe exclude the connection that posted it? What’s the best way to promote one’s ideas and views? Is it better to post the entire article to LinkedIn rather than a personal or business website? Does it even really matter which approach is used? LinkedIn Student Questions What are some tips on gaining connections, and trying to land internships, when you are still a student? So many business-related internships expect you to have a bachelor’s before being considered for an internship. How can I stand out on LinkedIn as a University student? Find out The Essay Expert’s answers to these LinkedIn questions and more by listening to this lively podcast. Please let me know your feedback, and ask any additional questions you may have! document.createElement('audio'); https://theessayexpert.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/cfl342.mp3 If youd like to find out more about how you can utilize LinkedIn to its fullest, check out my book,  How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile. After youve implemented the advice in my book, you may like to follow up with my LinkedIn Profile Review Special  (for a limited time only).

Advanced Cross-Cultural Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Advanced Cross-Cultural Communication - Essay Example ; (2) Why was the homestay mother rude to me?; and (3) Why was she refusing my help? The first question was analyzed using theories related to non-verbal miscommunication and parochialism. The second question was addressed using theories related to high- and low-context culture. The third question was answered based on the theory of individualism and collectivism as well as the high- and low-context culture. It was concluded that the root cause of miscommunication in cross-cultural encounter is â€Å"parochialism†. Therefore, this report highly recommends the need to provide our future business people with opportunity to learn different the ways on how they can increase their awareness particularly with regards to the relationship between cultural background and the use of non-verbal cues such as facial expression, body distance, gestures, etc. Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................. ........ ii 1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Research Process ................................................................................................... 2 3.0 Findings and Discussion ........................................................................................ ... .................................................................................................. 9 5.0 Recommendations ................................................................................................... 10 References ........................................................................................................................... 11 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 12 Appendix I – Full Critical Incident Report .......................................................................... 14 Appendix II – Summary of Continuum from High-Context to Low-Context Culture ........ 16 Appendix III – Comparison of the General Characteristics that Affect Communication between people from High- and Low-Context Countries ............................ 16 1. Introduction When I first arrived in New Zealand back in 2001, I had to live in a â€Å"homestayâ € . Back then, I could not speak any word in English. In order to communicate with people who live with me at the homestay, I had to learn the use of body and sign language. Even though I was able to express my personal thoughts and opinion through the use of body and sign language, there were several occasions I encountered miscommunication between me and my homestay mother. (See Appendix I – Full Critical Incident Report on page 14) The rationale and main objective of this report is to analyze and discuss the relevance of several existing cross-cultural theories on the critical incident presented on Appendix I. In the process of completing this report, the student is expected to conduct a literature review with regards to the concept and application of cross-cultural theories. By doing so, the student

International Business Law (US company launching products to Japan) Essay

International Business Law (US company launching products to Japan) - Essay Example Wally Solar Manufacturer hereinafter referred to as â€Å"Principal†; a corporation organized and registered in accordance with the laws of _________, having a registered address at ____________ and herein represented by ___________. Japan Sun Power Ltd., herein after referred to as â€Å"Agent†; a corporation organized and registered under the laws of Japan, having a registered address at ____________ and herein represented by ______________; The whereas portion are still useful and may stand as is subject to styling later on. For purposes of document styling purposes, I would suggest that we should adopt the method of setting the provisions in sections instead of mere paragraphs. The rest of my comments and suggestions will now follow this format. Section 1. Statement of Purpose. As can be observed, your draft agreement has no statement of purpose. At the very start, the purpose of this agreement should be defined in order to set the mode. Thus, a section should be added right after the naming of parties as follows: Statement of Purpose. This agreement is entered into by the parties for the purpose of executing an agency to sell the product of WALLY SOLAR MANUFACTURER by Japan Sun Power ltd. within the Japanese territory. Section 2 Definitions of Terms. There is no definition of terms in your draft agreement. I believe that this should be included in your agreement to gain common understanding and limitations of terms used. We must seek to do away with ambiguities of terms right from the start since these ambiguities may later on cause misunderstandings and eventual legal disputes. Terms which should be defined may include words used in the agreement such as but not limited to the following: (a) products; (b) territory; (c) order; (d) day(s); (e) date of receipt of the product (f) advertising and promotion. WALLY SOLAR MANUFACTURER hereby appoints Agent as its exclusive sales agent and representative in

Why death penalty should be abolished Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why death penalty should be abolished - Essay Example Being humane is a question we put on the limelight in discussing the death penalty. Those who are in favor of the punishment for heinous crimes cry for the safety of the majority, arguing that it is far better for men to extinguish a criminal’s life than put innocent lives in danger as they are exposed to possible criminal acts by the individual. It could be true that lives are endangered as we let criminals live however, the prison cells are created for them to recuperate lost trust and integrity. Death penalty kills not just the human body but the chance to become better as well. We do not just stand as judges before the convicted felon but as the killer of his hopes and dreams. Even criminals have the right for such. Pataki (52), as mentioned believes that the death penalty is not a source of crime deterrence so what is there to argue about? Are we not imposing the death penalty in the hope that people with inclinations to heinous crimes would think twice if not a hundred t imes and decide to do otherwise? Ending a criminal’s life is not the solution to ending heinous crimes because if that were the case, then we should have a crime-free world these days for the many lives the death penalty has claimed. Nor will it assure the safety of the innocent, otherwise we can now all go out in peace, free of the worries that nothing and no one can harm us and yet circumstances show us the naked truth that the system has never been successful in achieving its objectives. The argument that life begets life with the death penalty being an act of self-defense is totally erroneous not only because of the aforementioned point of view but that because history shows that not just a handful of convicted felons have been put to death so unjustly. I state my stand on the death penalty on the basis of my agreement with Lang’s (2011) philosophy that there is a chance, and may I add a humungous chance that a person may die because of being wrongly convicted. Let us not close our eyes to the fact that there are piles of evidences to such injustice. Michael Lang (2011) in his article mentioned the injustice suffered by Michael Blair and Charles Hood. Evidences presented in court showed that he did not commit the crime accused against him but that was after fourteen years of being in death row. Imagine the psychological and emotional torture the thought of dying for a crime he did not commit has caused him, not to mention the wasted fourteen years of his life, the records that could be used against him and the after-effects of the mental torture he survived in the jail. That part of his battle may to us seem over, but to Blair, his battle continues as he tries to live a normal life after more than a decade in prison which I reckon can never actually be normal again. The hope then for us is that, the system did not create a criminal out of him now that he is freely moving among us. Hood on the other hand is still on his journey that Blair trod and our cry for him is that he will be given the justice he deserves in the hands of the judge and prosecutor who admitted to having an illicit sexual affair (Lang). Things can never be said to have been better for the aforementioned examples but looking at the cases of mentally retarded people convicted of crimes they did not commit is far heart-breaking than any other case like that of Tony Chambers and Jerry Penry representing their fellow victims (Robinson). Chambers has at his age was expected to have an intelligence quotient of 100 but was found to be between 50-63, the IQ of a six-year old. Penry on the other hand was proven to have been mentally disadvantaged since he was a child triggered by the abuses of his mother; he was accused of murdering a twenty year old woman in 1979. Could such people still threaten us of an escape plan so that we claim to be protecting ourselves from the possible damage they can still cause? What about their right to live? Would it not be too mu ch for us to kill not just innocent but

Yanomamo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Yanomamo - Essay Example The Yanomamo â€Å"foot-people† are spread out in about 125 villages scattered far and wide (Chagnon, 1983). Yanomamo is essentially a kin-based foraging and horticultural society. Kinship is a basic human trait. It is an important component that drives social behavior in every culture around the world. So also among the Yanomamo. Their social and political life is wholly controlled by kinship relationships (Chagnon, 1983). The Yanomamo communities live in small settlements or villages numbering 363 having 30 – 90 residents each, but sometimes reaching 200 or more (Hames, 1995). According to Chagnon (1974), larger the village size more intense their warfare. The people (numbering about 30 to 200) grouped by families live in one large circular communal dwelling, called a Shabono, having an open-air central plaza. Such an area of residence helps create strong bondsamong the people living there. Social organization of the Yanomamo based on kinship The people of the Yanomam o tribe classify themselves into two groupings - sibs (that is, clans) or lineages, both of which are formed based on kinship ties (Kensinger, 1996). Sib members trace their descent through their father from a named ancestor, â€Å"†¦.are dispersed throughout many villages and provide hospitality and safety for visiting kin.† (Kensinger, 1996).... As lineages are generally formed to promote the political ambitions of actual or wannabe leaders, they reflect the oscillations in political power. Usually disputes over leadership within lineages leads to village fissioning, and thereby to the scattering and even destruction of lineages. Yanomamo marriages The marriage exchange system of the Yanomamo people is generally based on kinship. It follows 4 main principles namely, lineage exogamy, bilateral cross cousin marriage, village endogamy, and polygyny. The Yanomamo society is exogamous and persons from the same localized lineage are prohibited from marrying. The members jointly take part in the selection of marriage partners for their children from within the allied lineage groups. The marriage system builds regular relationship between pairs of lineage groups who commonly intermarry through a system of bilateral cross cousin marriage (www.umanitoba.ca). A moiety system is created by such intermarriages when the intermarrying unit s co-reside in the same village. The co-settlement of intermarrying lineages is an example of village endogamy .Although under such a marriage system the Yanomamo lineages have collective rights to marry off their women and claim wives in exchange, they are not vested with the rights of administering joint assets such as land (www.umanitoba.ca). The practice of polygyny by the Yanomamo is exemplified by the fact that the men of the tribe commonly marry more than one wife. Polygyny among the Yanomamo is typically associated with the men’s rank or other achievements (Chagnon, 1983). Yanomamo political system The Yanomamo political system is not centralized which is because the community does

Group and Teams Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Group and Teams Paper - Essay Example In this regard, the essay aims to proffer an explanation of the differences between a group and a team. Likewise, the importance of workplace diversity in an organization would be included and how it relates to team dynamics in the workplace and how it relates to team dynamics in the workplace. Differences Between Groups and Teams To distinguish between groups and teams, respective definitions are hereby noted. According to Martires and Fule (2004), a group is â€Å"a collection of people interacting with each other for fairly some time utilizing certain resources and methodologies to achieve common goals or interests† (p. 93). On the other hand, Clark (1997) defined a team as â€Å"a group of people coming together to collaborate. This collaboration is to reach a shared goal or task for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. A team is a group of people with a high degree of interdependence geared towards the achievement of a common goal or completion of a task rath er than just a group for administrative convenience† (par. 3). ... 1). Thereby, the role and participation of leaders and members in goals setting and decision- making differentiates one from the other. Further, the significant role that collaboration plays in a team separates it from a group. Importance of Workplace Diversity Greenberg (2006) defines diversity in the workplace as â€Å"the variety of differences between people in an organization†¦Diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, personality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, education, background and more† (par. 1). The importance of workplace diversity is seen from the benefits accorded to both the employees and the organization. The research of Greenberg stipulates that diversity has the capacity for â€Å"increased adaptability, broader service range, variety of viewpoints, and more effective execution,† (pars. 4 – 6) among others. By supporting a diverse workforce, organizations foster a more balanced working environment as differe nt ideas, perspectives, and suggestions for strategies, problem-solving, and decision-making are readily available. Relation of Diversity to Team Dynamics in the Workplace Discoveries from diverse research indicate that diversity supports teambuilding and cohesion, increasing the dynamic interrelationships among teams within the organization. A study conducted by Davis and Bryant (2008) indicates that diverse teams surpass the performance of homogeneous teams in various aspects. The authors averred that â€Å"diverse environments also yield more effective collaboration and teamwork than homogenous teams. There are a variety of ways to solve a problem; leveraging the input of a diverse staff population helps organizations arrive at better decisions. You can’t underestimate the value of the creativity

Social learning theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Social learning theories - Essay Example At the time when populations were expansively diffused, the implications of any particular aggressive act were primarily restricted to individuals whom the act was aimed at. Under circumstances of modernised life, in which the wellbeing of groups of inhabitants depends upon harmonious functioning of complex mutually supporting systems, aggressive behaviour that can be effortlessly carried out without demanding complicated mechanism immediately damages enormous numbers of people (Geen, 2001). Interest over the destructive implications of aggression confuses the reality that such behaviour normally has purposeful importance for the user. Certainly, there is a characteristic distinct to aggression that commonly generates circumstances cultivating its incidence. Dissimilar to social behaviours that are not useful without a degree of reciprocity satisfactory to the partakers, aggression does not necessitate eager receptiveness from others for its effectiveness (Moeller, 2001). An individual can harm and destroy to self-benefit despite of whether the victim agrees to it or not. Through destructive behaviour, or authority through verbal and physical coercion, individuals can gain important resources, modify rules to suit their personal desires, acquire power over and haul out compliableness from others, get rid of circumstances that negatively influence their wellbeing, and break down barriers that hamper or interrupt realisation of desired objectives. Hence, actions that are harsh for the victim can be gratifying for the one committing the aggressive act. Though aggression has several various roots its practical value certainly contributes greatly to the occurrence of such behaviour in the dealings of everyday existence (Moeller, 2001). Throughout the years several theories have been suggested to clarify why individuals act

Group and Teams Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Group and Teams Paper - Essay Example In this regard, the essay aims to proffer an explanation of the differences between a group and a team. Likewise, the importance of workplace diversity in an organization would be included and how it relates to team dynamics in the workplace and how it relates to team dynamics in the workplace. Differences Between Groups and Teams To distinguish between groups and teams, respective definitions are hereby noted. According to Martires and Fule (2004), a group is â€Å"a collection of people interacting with each other for fairly some time utilizing certain resources and methodologies to achieve common goals or interests† (p. 93). On the other hand, Clark (1997) defined a team as â€Å"a group of people coming together to collaborate. This collaboration is to reach a shared goal or task for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. A team is a group of people with a high degree of interdependence geared towards the achievement of a common goal or completion of a task rath er than just a group for administrative convenience† (par. 3). ... 1). Thereby, the role and participation of leaders and members in goals setting and decision- making differentiates one from the other. Further, the significant role that collaboration plays in a team separates it from a group. Importance of Workplace Diversity Greenberg (2006) defines diversity in the workplace as â€Å"the variety of differences between people in an organization†¦Diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, personality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, education, background and more† (par. 1). The importance of workplace diversity is seen from the benefits accorded to both the employees and the organization. The research of Greenberg stipulates that diversity has the capacity for â€Å"increased adaptability, broader service range, variety of viewpoints, and more effective execution,† (pars. 4 – 6) among others. By supporting a diverse workforce, organizations foster a more balanced working environment as differe nt ideas, perspectives, and suggestions for strategies, problem-solving, and decision-making are readily available. Relation of Diversity to Team Dynamics in the Workplace Discoveries from diverse research indicate that diversity supports teambuilding and cohesion, increasing the dynamic interrelationships among teams within the organization. A study conducted by Davis and Bryant (2008) indicates that diverse teams surpass the performance of homogeneous teams in various aspects. The authors averred that â€Å"diverse environments also yield more effective collaboration and teamwork than homogenous teams. There are a variety of ways to solve a problem; leveraging the input of a diverse staff population helps organizations arrive at better decisions. You can’t underestimate the value of the creativity

The Holocaust Essay Example for Free

The Holocaust Essay The Pianist is a historically based film that captivates the audience with its intense, riveting scenes. The movie outlines Hitler’s policies against the Jewish race during the holocaust in the late 1930’s. It focuses on the lives of one particular Jewish family during the period in which Hitler invades and occupies the Polish community of Warsaw. The title was inspired by the career of the main character before and after the Holocaust. The film chronicles the experiences of a Jewish pianist and his survival through the Holocaust with determination and the help of others, while millions of other Jews perish. The theme is portrayed effectively throughout the movie. The merciless treatment of the Jewish people convinces the audience to empathize with the characters in the movie. The movie begins with the pianist, Szpilman, in the studio playing the piano while the community of Warsaw is being bombed. A woman who will help him later in the movie approaches The Pianist’ is a cinematic masterpiece by the Polish director Roman Polanski. One of the key ideas that appear throughout much of the film is that of ‘hope being instrumental in our survival’. This idea is portrayed through Wladyslaw Szpilman, a Polish pianist, as he struggles for survival in Warsaw as everybody that he once knew and everything that he once had is lost. The idea of ‘hope being instrumental in our survival’ is worth learning about as it allows the audience to realise the importance of hope in todays society – and to understand how Polanski uses music to symbolise ‘hope’ for Szpilman in the film. Polanski effectively utilises an array of visual and oral text features such as music, dialogue, and lighting to build further emphasis on this theme. ‘The Pianist’ is an honest depiction of the events that occurred during the Holocaust, through the eyes of Wladyslaw Szpilman, a Jewish concert pianist living in Warsaw, Poland. As the movie starts we see him in a radio studio beautifully playing the piano. But then the tanks start shooting, the bombs start falling, and the studio is damaged. He can no longer avoid the rapidly escalating situation. Germany is invading his homeland. His time as a concert pianist and radio performer has come to a sudden end. The first half of the movie focuses on the impact of the war on him and his family’s lives and the suffering of others, whilst the second half purely revolves around Szpilman’s struggle for survival and the hope in which he draws from music. Polanski heavily emphasises this idea, getting across the message that Szpilman would not be alive if were not for the hope in which he holds to – even if at times if at times it is by a tiny thread. The most obvious feature used to enhance the idea of ‘hope being instrumental in our survival’ is that of music. After being forced to desert his family and having to live in isolation with his survival being questioned almost every day, it is perhaps only the

Internet A Blessing Or Curse Media Essay

Internet A Blessing Or Curse Media Essay The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the standard internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide .It is network of networks that is consist of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope (from Wikipedia).Internet is such networking which connects the people of different area and give them chance to know about the culture of each other and share their ideas. It is one of the great inventions of science, which has removed about all complexities of life and had made the life much easier. Nowadays internet is vastly used some of the facts say that about 48% population of Asia use internet. In some countries like USA, UK, Japan about 4 out of 5 person use internet. Internet has vast use in our daily lives, it is source of information where you can find the information about any topic. There are billions websites which contain different information about different things. Many search engines such as google.com, yahoo.com, ask.com are some popular the sources of information. All scientists, engineers, doctors, teachers and many other can easily do their research on internet and can find everything with in no time. Internet is the sea of information, where everything is avaible and you can avail it if you want. Internet is the source of communication which connects you with the people who are sitting in the other corner of the world. It connects you very fast and the important is that it is free of cost. You can make video calls via Skype which is totally free of cost. There are about 31 million people who use Skype for communication. There are also so many services on internet for communication such as Chatting rooms, E-mails, Facebook, and so many others. According to a survey made in 2011 about 750 million people use Facebook , which is a fast growing source of communication. Through Facebook people know about the culture of each other and many people get chance to speak and share their ideas the people of other countries which without internet is impossible. You can visit the whole world just sitting in your room. There are so many Facebook accounts which are just to promote the religious teachings, culture and tradition and so many other. We share so many important things on Facebook. The E-mail is the cheapest and easiest way through which you drop your message to your friend, relative or someone whom you want to send with in no time even if he/she is offline. In addition internet is nice source of entertainment where we find so many interesting things like videos, games, movies, music and news .According to website comScore about 217 million people play online games. You can find the music you want to listen totally free and can download it instead of going Bazar to purchase the particular album and sometimes it become difficult to find that album on shop so your time is wasted but now you can find same thing on internet free which save your money as well as your time. There are so many other interesting things on internet, we sometimes make new friends on internet, when we get bored we just go online chat with them and have fun. The business has the important role in the development of countries and to improve the business the internet is very much helpful. Business man consider internet as blessing for them. It has made business easier for everyone to carry out, with very small investment they can have much profit, now the businessman can advertise their particular business easily without wasting money. There are about 12 million business websites. Now it has become possible that you can do shopping sitting at your home, there are so many online stores and shops where you just put the order and you get your thing at your home. By online shopping your precious time (for which one great scholar had said that time is like ice if you would not use it at time it will melt away and will be of no use) is saved and your money for going out ,having taxy will also be saved . There are many people who are earning just sitting at home by doing online jobs. Currently about () people are doing online jobs to fulfill the needs of life and for them internet is nothing less than blessing. Most of the organizations, institutions, and departments advertise their vacant seats for job on internet and someone who is looking for job can easily find it. So it has also an admirable role in employment of the countries. A healthy man has a healthy mind, and to be healthy the sports has great role. So now internet is not only helping in business, communication, information but it also helps in the sports as well. There are about 2 million websites on internet , Many people are advertising about games on internet, inviting people to join them in games competition to make fun. So many games competition are held on national and international level and their registration is done on internet which is the cheapest and easiest way for people to( achieve ). Many games videos are uploaded on internet you can find any match of cricket, football, basketball and volleyball played even in past. You can find many sports tricks on internet and now it has become possible that there are sports tutors available on internet who can teach you exercise even in home through internet that is why mostly the people who are interested in sports claim that its blessing for them. Professor Hector Alwarez-Trujillo writes in his essay (Benefits and Challenges for online learner) technology has become the key to a new world of education. He further writes that online learning has become the most popular source of learning. A great scholar MitchellKapor   say getting information off internet is like taking a drink from fire hydrant. It has become now easier for education seeker to gain education on any time they want, there is no restriction of timings. There is no need to purchase the expansive books to study but now you can find all good stuff of your course on internet. Online learning has brought new possibilities in education to all potential students: if you cant go to school, we shall send the school to you(Dwyer, and Doerr,1995). The internet has tremendous effect on the education, it has made possible for everyone to get good education, some people who cant get admission in good universities or colleges they can get same good education on internet as some universities have online courses. There are so many universities which upload the lecture on their particular website and it becomes easier for students to avail the lecture and understand it. Namal College is also one of the such universities so it has become easier for student even if the college is closed they can find their educational stuff and assignment on internet. There are many good tutorials on internet which are very much helpful to the students . There is not only the written stuff avaible but there are also video lectures avaible as well. So many scholars and educationist believe that internet is blessing .But it also has some drawbacks as well. There is also some information on internet which misleads the person. Some people upload the information on internet which is not valid and many students get astray. As there are many religious websites on which the wrong information is uploaded which further lead to the misunderstanding and religious wars. Some anti-relig ions are making websites about religion and upload the wrong information on website and which further lead to the wars. So in that sense it seems curse. Furthermore internet it has many disadvantages beside it advantages .A very annoying disadvantages is the pornography which has spoiled the youth of nation. There are about 60 million people among them are children, men and women are the victim of these things which is a sinful act and is considered as bad religiously as well as physically. Some people get addicted to pornography and just waste their lives. Mostly the youth of nation is spoiled through this internet, due to that the youngster are losing their interest in their studies they just waste the time on watching such guilty videos on internet and ruin their lives. The J K Rowling say The internet has been a boon and curse for teenagers .With the passage of time many students are getting away from their families , they do not give time to their families spend their precious time on the internet just watching videos, movies, playing online games and chatting with friends. As a scholar Philip Zimbardo say What troubles me is in ternet and electronic technology revolution. Shyness is fueled in part by so many people spending huge amounts of time alone, isolated on e-mail, in chat rooms, which reduces their face to face contact with other people Many children are becoming the victim of loneliness. So mostly parents say that internet is the cure which has spoiled their children. This may be the reason the as the time is passing by people lives the short lives and are mostly in physically fit. It has been revealed that in the century of internet mostly children are spoiled in early age and the reason for is only and only internet. As internet is source of communication as we mentioned before at the same time it also create some misconception as well. The well-known example is Facebook which is used by very much people. It waste your life and when you get addicted to it, you cant do anything important than Facebook .So news has said the Facebook is such website which has created so much misconception, due to it many life partner are separated due to just misconception by Facebook. There are many hackers on internet who steal your personal information and sometime it also lead to war when people of one country hack the secretive sites of other country and steal their secrets. It also has some disadvantages in business as well. So internet has advantages as well as disadvantages and some people consider it as blessing and some consider it the curse. A great scholar said that every silver cloud has dark linings and everything which has positive effect it do have some negative effects as well. Use of internet is just like gun, the gun is blessing if you just use it to defend yourselves but it is no more less than curse if you use it to kill the innocent people. However Internet can be blessing for us if we use it positively, all now depands on us either we are going to make it blessing or curse. Mostly people think that it do have some draw backs but its advantages overcome all the demarits of internet. It has very important role in almost all aspects of life, we can say that it has become part of our lives, world without internet will be totally different without it there will not be fast source of communication. Internet can become completely blessing if the government takes some effective steps, such as government should set an active department which should see over the activities happening on internet and should set some rule s and regulations and if someone is having the wrong use he should be stopped and a written warning notice should be given to him. The department should set rules like it should the ban the porn videos and it should all the websites which are spoiling the youth or society. By doing that no one will be able to put wrong commits about any religion and the religious war will be over and many problems will be solved, so internet will be the blessing and internet is really blessing. The End.

Disasters in Space Flight :: Essays Papers

Disasters in Space Flight On January 27, 1967, the three astronauts of the Apollo 4, were doing a test countdown on the launch pad. Gus Grissom was in charge. His crew were Edward H. White, the first American to walk in space, and Roger B. Chaffee, a naval officer going up for the first time. 182 feet below, R.C.A technician Gary Propst was seated in front of a bank of television monitors, listening to the crew radio channel and watching various televisions for important activity. Inside the Apollo 4 there was a metal door with a sharp edge. Each time the door was open and shut, it scraped against an environmental control unit wire. The repeated abrasion had exposed two tiny sections of wire. A spark alone would not cause a fire, but just below the cuts in the cable was a length of aluminum tubing, which took a ninety-degree turn. There were hundreds of these turns in the whole capsule. The aluminum tubing carried a glycol cooling fluid, which is not flammable, but when exposed to air it turns to flammable fumes. The capsule was filled with pure oxygen in an effort to allow the astronauts to work more efficiently. It also turns normally not so flammable items to highly flammable items. Raschel netting that was highly flammable in the pure oxygen environment was near the exposed section of the wires. At 6:31:04 p.m. the Raschel netting burst into an open flame. A second after the netting burst into flames, the first message came over the crew's radio channel: "Fire," Grissom said. Two Seconds later, Chaffee said clearly, "We've got a fire in the cockpit." His tone was businesslike (Murray 191). There was no camera in the cabin, but a remote control camera, if zoomed in on the porthole could provide a partial, shadowy view of the interior of the space craft. There was a lot of motion, Propst explained, as White seemed to fumble with something and then quickly pull his arms back, then reach out again. Another pair of arms came into view from the left, Grissom's, as the flames spread from the far left-hand corner of the spacecraft toward the porthole (Murray 192). The crew struggled for about 30 seconds after their suits failed, and then died of asphyxiation, not the heat. To get out of the capsule astronauts had to remove three separate hatches, atleast 90 seconds was required to open all three hatches. Disasters in Space Flight :: Essays Papers Disasters in Space Flight On January 27, 1967, the three astronauts of the Apollo 4, were doing a test countdown on the launch pad. Gus Grissom was in charge. His crew were Edward H. White, the first American to walk in space, and Roger B. Chaffee, a naval officer going up for the first time. 182 feet below, R.C.A technician Gary Propst was seated in front of a bank of television monitors, listening to the crew radio channel and watching various televisions for important activity. Inside the Apollo 4 there was a metal door with a sharp edge. Each time the door was open and shut, it scraped against an environmental control unit wire. The repeated abrasion had exposed two tiny sections of wire. A spark alone would not cause a fire, but just below the cuts in the cable was a length of aluminum tubing, which took a ninety-degree turn. There were hundreds of these turns in the whole capsule. The aluminum tubing carried a glycol cooling fluid, which is not flammable, but when exposed to air it turns to flammable fumes. The capsule was filled with pure oxygen in an effort to allow the astronauts to work more efficiently. It also turns normally not so flammable items to highly flammable items. Raschel netting that was highly flammable in the pure oxygen environment was near the exposed section of the wires. At 6:31:04 p.m. the Raschel netting burst into an open flame. A second after the netting burst into flames, the first message came over the crew's radio channel: "Fire," Grissom said. Two Seconds later, Chaffee said clearly, "We've got a fire in the cockpit." His tone was businesslike (Murray 191). There was no camera in the cabin, but a remote control camera, if zoomed in on the porthole could provide a partial, shadowy view of the interior of the space craft. There was a lot of motion, Propst explained, as White seemed to fumble with something and then quickly pull his arms back, then reach out again. Another pair of arms came into view from the left, Grissom's, as the flames spread from the far left-hand corner of the spacecraft toward the porthole (Murray 192). The crew struggled for about 30 seconds after their suits failed, and then died of asphyxiation, not the heat. To get out of the capsule astronauts had to remove three separate hatches, atleast 90 seconds was required to open all three hatches.

Marketing Image Culture :: Alan Liu Media Entertainment Essays

Marketing Image Culture As Alan Liu defines "cool", it is a non-political protest in society, "a gesture of ambivalent oppositionality." In Liu's terms, "cool" is a cultural component of the information age, and can only exist and have meaning within the environment it protests. This essay seeks to explore the relationship image culture, marketing, and Alan Liu's concept of "cool." In a recent presentation he gave at New York University, Liu previewed his forthcoming book The Laws of Cool : The Cultural Life of Information, which describes the importance of "cool" in the information age. To assist his explanation, he compares corporate culture to the Guayaki tribe of South America. Liu says that in both cultures there is a central problem, an unreasonable demand placed on some people that must be dealt with. As he opens his presentation, Liu makes an important point: being a part of a community is both empowering and stifling. The demand placed upon the information age worker is to retain productivity and remain valuable in the traditional sense, while in the postmodern sense being flexible and decentralized. Workers must keep order in their jobs to be productive, but also be able to excel at a wide variety of tasks that often require a breakdown and restructuring of corporate structures, departments, teams, and tasks. For the Guayaki, the job of hunting parallels the demand of flexibility required of Liu's information worker. Hunters are charged with the task of feeding their tribe, and sharing their wives, since Guayaki men outnumber women two to one. (I mention the latter condition because Liu made a point of it; whether or not this aspect of Guayaki life represents normality or hardship was not addressed in Liu's presentation.) Hunting in the forest with a bow and arrow requires a huge amount of skill, with dire consequences if unsuccessful, for the tribe will then not eat. In both "primitive" and technologically advanced cultures, there exists what Liu terms mandatory and individual disempowerment. Both hunters and information workers must defer to the will of their tribe. In response to stifling, both the tribesman and the information worker develop "cool." "The desire for flexibility and decentralization opens the gap between a culture and its people," says Liu. "Cool" is a technique for expressing that gap between a society and it's people. In the case of the Guayaki, this technique involves singing a highly personalized warrior song at nightfall, which essentially serves to fuel ego and one's sense of individuality. Marketing Image Culture :: Alan Liu Media Entertainment Essays Marketing Image Culture As Alan Liu defines "cool", it is a non-political protest in society, "a gesture of ambivalent oppositionality." In Liu's terms, "cool" is a cultural component of the information age, and can only exist and have meaning within the environment it protests. This essay seeks to explore the relationship image culture, marketing, and Alan Liu's concept of "cool." In a recent presentation he gave at New York University, Liu previewed his forthcoming book The Laws of Cool : The Cultural Life of Information, which describes the importance of "cool" in the information age. To assist his explanation, he compares corporate culture to the Guayaki tribe of South America. Liu says that in both cultures there is a central problem, an unreasonable demand placed on some people that must be dealt with. As he opens his presentation, Liu makes an important point: being a part of a community is both empowering and stifling. The demand placed upon the information age worker is to retain productivity and remain valuable in the traditional sense, while in the postmodern sense being flexible and decentralized. Workers must keep order in their jobs to be productive, but also be able to excel at a wide variety of tasks that often require a breakdown and restructuring of corporate structures, departments, teams, and tasks. For the Guayaki, the job of hunting parallels the demand of flexibility required of Liu's information worker. Hunters are charged with the task of feeding their tribe, and sharing their wives, since Guayaki men outnumber women two to one. (I mention the latter condition because Liu made a point of it; whether or not this aspect of Guayaki life represents normality or hardship was not addressed in Liu's presentation.) Hunting in the forest with a bow and arrow requires a huge amount of skill, with dire consequences if unsuccessful, for the tribe will then not eat. In both "primitive" and technologically advanced cultures, there exists what Liu terms mandatory and individual disempowerment. Both hunters and information workers must defer to the will of their tribe. In response to stifling, both the tribesman and the information worker develop "cool." "The desire for flexibility and decentralization opens the gap between a culture and its people," says Liu. "Cool" is a technique for expressing that gap between a society and it's people. In the case of the Guayaki, this technique involves singing a highly personalized warrior song at nightfall, which essentially serves to fuel ego and one's sense of individuality.

It 255 Final Project

Dear Richman Investments Senior Management, It has come to my attention that your corporate security policy for the firm is out of date and that it needs to be updated. In my time here as an intern I have reviewed the security policy and revised it to keep up with all of the technological updates going on in the internet world today. I was assigned this project and being that we have 5000 employees operating in different locations and different parts of the country; I have noticed that some of the other branches do not follow the firms’ policies as they should.Some branches operate on their own policies. I have drafted up a new and improved corporate security policy that covers emails, mobile devices, computer usage, email retention policies, passwords, etc. I hope this will help streamline our security policy across the board so that everyone is on the same page and so there is no misinterpretation of the firm employee or otherwise. RICHMAN INVESTMENTS CORPORATE SECURITY POLI CY Use of Phone and Mail Systems Personal use of the telephone for long-distance and toll calls is not permitted.Employees should Practice discretion when making local personal calls and may be required to reimburse The Firm for any charges resulting from their personal use of the telephone. The mail system is reserved for business purposes only. Employees should refrain from sending or receiving personal mail at the workplace. To ensure effective telephone communications, employees should always use the approved greeting and speak in a courteous and professional manner. Please confirm information received from the caller, and hang up only after the caller has done so.Computer and E-mail Usage Computers and other media of electronic communications (â€Å"Media†) are the property of the Firm which has a legitimate business interest in the proper utilization of its property. Therefore, any use of the Firm's property, and any electronic communications sent or received, may be mo nitored by persons authorized by the Firm. Employees who use such Media for private, non-work related purposes do so at their own risk. The Firm encourages such Media to be used for business purposes and forbids the waste or monopolization of such resources.Electronic communications, including computer files, voicemail and electronic mail (â€Å"e-mail†), are not anonymous: sender and receiver can be determined, and the content of any message may be viewed by others within the Firm. A password is not intended to ensure the privacy of electronic communications. Instead, it serves to provide a minimum level of security to the Firm's Media by restricting access to those who bear valid passwords. Preventing a person from outside of the Firm from gaining access to the Firm's Media is not the same as affording privacy to the communications of Media users.The Firm strives to maintain a workplace which is free of harassment and sensitive to the diversity of its employees. Therefore, the Firm prohibits the use of computers and the e-mail system in ways that are disruptive, offensive to others, or harmful to morale. For example, the display or transmission of sexually explicit images, messages, and cartoons is not allowed. Other such misuse includes, but is not limited to, ethnic slurs, racial comments, off-color jokes, or anything that may be construed as harassment or showing disrespect for others.In addition, e-mail may not be used to solicit others for commercial ventures, religious or political causes, outside organizations, or other non-business matters. E-MAIL IS NOT A PRIVATE COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE FIRM. NEVER USE E-MAIL TO SEND PERSONAL INFORMATION OR DISCUSS PRIVATE MATTERS ABOUT ANYONE, INCLUDING YOURSELF, UNLESS DISCLOSURE OF THAT INFORMATIONWITHIN THE FIRM IS ACCEPTABLE TO YOU. THIS PROHIBITION ALSO APPLIES TO VOICEMAIL AND COMPUTER FILES. ANY DEFAMATORY, INSULTING OR DEROGATORY REMARK ABOUT ANY PERSON OR GROUP OF PERSONS IS PROHIBITED.Email Retent ion Policy Because the volume of e-mails sent and received continues to rise, the size of attachments Continues to grow, and pictures and images consume significant amounts of storage space, the Firm has Adopted an Email Retention Policy that addresses retaining, deleting and saving e-mail in an effort to Advance the Firm's technology objectives and ensure that a reliable network exists for rapid message exchange and communication. The Email Retention Policy allows a faster, more responsive e-mail system and ensures that, in the event of a disaster (i. . hardware failure, natural disaster events, etc. ), our messaging services can be quickly restored to operation. This policy also encourages organization of e-mail through the use of email folders. The policy is designed to automatically delete information from only the Inbox, Sent Items and Deleted Items as they age. The Table below illustrates the policy and aging and flow of email items from those folders. Software Policy The Firm will not tolerate any employee making unauthorized copies of software.The Unauthorized duplication of software violates software licensing agreements and federal copyright laws. Such conduct is not only against the Firm's policy, it is a federal criminal offense. No employee shall install any software on any computer at the offices of the Firm unless the installation is approved in writing in advance of the installation. Social Media Policy Although this is not a complete or exhaustive list, employees should consider the following guidelines prior to using social media (including Firm operated social media) while an employee of the Firm.Employees should be aware that while not always apparent, work-related issues may often be implicated by their use of social media. In all instances, employees are expected to use good judgment and to consider the effect their social media use has on others and the way in which others perceive them. Stay Legal – Employees should make sure tha t their use of social media complies with all applicable laws. When in doubt, the employee should find out whether what he/she is doing is legal before proceeding.Confidentiality – An employee's confidentiality obligations extend to his/her online activities. Accordingly, employees should be familiar with the Firm's policies regarding confidential information. Generally speaking, an employee should not disclose to any third party any information related to the Firm or its employees, products, services, clients, partners, suppliers, or other business interests unless that information is already public knowledge.Even if the information is public, an employee should avoid discussing the Firm's clients, suppliers, and partners without their permission. If in doubt about whether particular information may be disclosed, contact a Managing Partner. Copyrights, Trademarks, and Intellectual Property – Employees should not make any use or reproduction of any copyright, trademark , or intellectual property belonging to any other person or entity, except in accordance with applicable law. NO EXPECTATION OF PRIVACYFirm employees should have no expectation of privacy with respect to any information created, viewed, distributed, received, uploaded, downloaded, accessed, or otherwise facilitated by the Firm's Computer or Information Systems (phone, computer, hand-held devices, etc. ). Similarly, employees should have no expectation of privacy with respect to information that is generally available online. The Firm reserves the right to monitor and maintain any content created, viewed, distributed, received, uploaded, downloaded, accessed, or otherwise involving any Firm Computer or Information System or resource.DISCIPLINARY ACTION Any violation of this policy may result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination of employment. Internet Policy For those employees who are provided access to the internet, the Firm encourages the use of the internet for business purposes. Non-business use (such as net surfing for personal enjoyment, entertainment, or children's school projects) should be kept to a minimum and generally restricted to non-working time. Personal use of the internet that adversely affects an employee's productivity is prohibited.No employee may use the internet during working time or during non-working time to access or convey information in violation of any Firm policy. Examples of the types of information that would violate Firm policies include information that is sexually explicit or offensive, or which is offensive, hostile, or harassing with respect to anyone's race, religion, color, creed, marital status, sex, ancestry, national origin, age, disability, sexual orientation or preference, veteran's status, or any other aspect that is protected by law or by the Firm's policies.No employee may use the internet during working or non-working time to access or convey information in an unlawful manner or for any unlawf ul purpose, such as downloading or copying information or programs in violation of copyright and software licensing laws, or using the internet to distribute or receive destructive programs such as viruses. Remember that you should not expect any â€Å"privacy† in your use of the internet.The Firm has the ability to monitor your internet access (all messages sent, sites accessed, and information downloaded). The Firm reserves the right to review and disclose such records or information with or without prior notice or consent. Your hard drive contains a history of sites recently visited and information (such as text and graphics) from those sites. This information is the Firm's property.The Firm has the right to enter your workstation or office, with or without notice or consent, at any time, and to access, monitor, review and take possession of your hard drive and any data storage medium. (For example, hard drives, floppy disks, CD-ROMs, videotapes, cassette tapes, etc. ) Any thing on Company premises is presumed to be Company property and is covered by this policy. I hope this proposal meets all of your contractual needs and gets everyone on the same page. Thank you.